Mushroom Culture technology MCQ & Fill in the blanks

 

                                      

INTERNAL ASSESMENT 2022-23

SEMESTER- IV

Question Bank

SKILL ENHANCEMENT COURSE-: Mushroom Culture technology

1.            Define mushroom__________________________________________________

2.             What is mother spawn- mushroom fungus grown on a grain based medium

3.            What are the products that can be made from mushrooms?__ We can make various products like soup powder, papad, nuggets, chips, preserve, candy, etc using different mushrooms. products like pasta, noodles, etc by supplementing with fresh or dried mushroom powder._

4.            What is spawn?  The seed material of mushroom fungi is called Spawn

5.            Name any two species of mushrooms which are cultivated and edible—

          1.Agaricus bisporus (button mushroom), 2.Pleurotus spp. (oyster mushroom)

6.            What type of climate is suitable for mushroom cultivation –

           Mushroom prefer a cool environment with temperatures around 70 degrees Fahrenheit.

7.            What substrate is used for growing mushrooms_ 

        The main nutrients are less nitrogen and more carbon so materials containing cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin (i.e., rice and wheat straw, cotton seed hulls, sawdust [SD], waste paper, leaves, and sugarcane residue) can be used as mushroom substrates

8.            Write any two poisonous mushrooms –

          Amanita phalloides (death cap) , Amanita muscaria (fly Agaric)

9.            What is the other name of Mushrom?                                                                           

A.     Funaria  B. Dryopteris C. Agaricus   D.Ferus

10.        To which division does  mushroom  belong?                                                               

A.     Basidiomycetes B. Thalophyta C. Mollusca  D.Algae

11.        When are mushrooms grown?                                                                                 

A.     year-round. B.winter C. summer D. spring season

12.        The gills on either sides bear club shaped basidia which produce                                

A.     Basidiocarp  B.Chloroplasts C. Funaria gill F.None of the above

13.        What is a symptom of mushroom poisoning?                                                              

A.     Mild nausea B. Vomiting C. Diarrhea  D.all of the these

14.        Where is National Centre for Mushroom located in India._____________                

A.     Solan, Himachal Pradesh B. sangareddy,Telangana C. Guntur,Andhra Pradesh D.none of these

 

15.        Edible part of mushroom is:                                                                                          

A.     Basidiocarp  B.Secondary mycelium C.  Primary mycelium    D.    Basidiospores

16.        It grows during ___________

     A.     Summer season B. Winters  C. Rainy season D. In all seasons

17.        Mushroom is ___________

 A.     Saprophytic fungus v B. Autotrophic Algae  C. Heterotrophic fungus D. None of the above

18.        When young fruit body is completely enveloped by a thin membrane,it is called

              A.      Mycelium   B. Rhizoids  C. Velum (veil)  D. Septae

19.        On the lower side of Pileus number of vertical plates like structure are present called _ 

             A.      Spores   B. Organelles  C. Mushroom Dryopteris  D. Gills

20.        What does the name of the Maitake mushroom mean ?

           A.      Dancing mushroom  B. Lover of he dawn   C. Born from the rain D. Mother of Earth

21.         Oyster mushrooms are used to treat what medical condition?

           A.      Measles  B. Viral infections  C. High cholesterol levels D. Liver disease

22.        In What climate zone does the popular Parasol mushroom grow?

A.Temperate  B. Tropical   C. Boreal  D. All of these

23.        Spawning : The spawn is spread over the surface of the bed and covered with a thin layer of compost

24.        Casing –The process of covering the mycelial mat on compost, surface is made with a thin layer of soil mixed with different substances

25.        Agaricus bisporus belongs to family_________. a. Agaricaceae b. Malvaceae c. Rubiaceae d. Solanaceae

26.        Short method of button mushroom compost preparation requires_____ days.

a. 14-18 days        b. 10 days         c. 20 days       d. 30 days 

27.        Mycellium produces white or colored umbrella shaped fruiting bodies called:

a. Haphae          b. Basidiocarp         c. Annalus       d. Seta

28.        When young fruiting body is completely enveloped by a thin membrane, it is called

         a. Mycelium b. Rhizoids c. Velum(veil) d. Septate

29.        Spawn is the ……. Of Mushroom

          a. Spores b. Mycellium c. Fruit d. Both a and b

30.        What is the mode of nutrition of Mushroom

        a. Photosynthetic b. Chemosynthetic c. Saprophytic d. None of       the above

31.        The poisonous or inedible species of fungi are known as

        a. Mushrooms b. Bracket fungi c. Toad stools d. Saprophytic fungi

32.        For long term storage mushrooms are stored in

         a. Acid solution b. Alkaline solution c. Salt solution d. Alcohol

33.        Canning Is employed for ….

       a. long term storage b. short term storage c. both d. none of the above

34.        Centre of tropical mushroom research and training (CTMRT) located in

     a. Bhubneshwar b. Nagaland c. Andrapradesh d.Manipur

35.        Indira Gandhi Krishi vishva Vidyalaya , located in …

        a. Bhubneshwar b. Raipur c. Andrapradesh d.Manipu

36.        During Spawining temperature should be maintain between..

            a. 20-30     b. 55- 70       c. 80-100         d. 0-10

37.        Mushroom has

         a. Anticancer property b. Anti-aging property c. Antibiotic property d. All of the above

 

38.        Agaricus bisporus belongs to family_________.

        a. Agaricaceae  b. Malvaceae  c. Rubiaceae   d. Solanaceae

 

39.        Basidiospores are___________spores.

a. exogenous   b. endogenous  c. Both a and b   d. None of these

 

40.        toxin is present in Amanita muscaria.

a. Ibotenic acid   b. Lactic acid   c. Acidic acid  d. All of the above

 

41.        Formaldehyde is used as__________in mushroom cultivation.

      a. Disinfectant     b. Fertilizer  c. Insect repellant   d. Food material

 

42.        Short method of button mushroom compost preparation requires_____ days.

 

a. 14-18 days    b. 10 days   c. 20 days   d. 30 days

43.        Mushroom is:

         a. Saprophytic fungus    b. Autotrophic Algae  c. Heterotrophic fungus   d. None of the above

44.        Basidiocarp consist of a fleshy stalk called ___________ and umbrella like head borne

            on its top called __________

           a. Hyphae and Seta    b. Seta and Annalus   c. Annalus adn Antheridia    d. Stipe and Pileus

45.        When young fruiting body is completely enveloped by a thin membrane, it is called

          a. Mycelium   b. Rhizoids   c. Velum(veil)    d. Septate

46.        It grows during ______

          a. Summer season   b. Winters  c. Rainy season   d. In all seasons

47.        Brown coloured dye is obtained from ..

   a. Polyporus bispidus    b. Agaricus bisporus   c. Gonoderma frondosa   d. Amanita muscaria

48.        Amanita muscaria is ….

       a. Edible    b. Poisonous   c. Non poisonous    d. none of the above

49.        Indira Gandhi Krishi vishva Vidyalaya , located in …

      a. Bhubneshwar   b. Raipur   c. Andrapradesh    d.Manipur

50.        Mushroom training centre in Tamilnadu is

     a. Agriculture college and research institute b.Angara village industries c. Mushroom production and training centre   d. farmer training centre

51.        Following materials are used for packing of mushroom ..

         a. Fibre board trays  b. Polyethylene  c. Paper     d. none

52.        Preservation methods of mushrooms are ….

       a. pickling  b. Canning  c. both    d. None of the above

 

53.        Paddy straw mushroom is a. Agaricus bisporous

                        b. Volvariella volvacea c. Plurotus sajourkaju   d. Auricularia species

                         

54.        Give the medicinal benefits of mushrooms

Medicinal values of the some important mushroom are given below:

1. Good for heart

The edible mushrooms have little fat with higher proportion of unsaturated fatty acids and absence of cholesterol and consequently it is the relevant choice for heart patients and treating cardiovascular diseases.

2. Low calorie food

The diabetic patients choose mushroom as an ideal food due to its low calorific value, no starch, little fat and sugars. The lean proteins present in mushrooms help to burn cholesterol in the body. Thus it is most preferable food for people striving to shed their extra weight.

3. Prevents cancer

All forms of edible mushrooms, and white button mushrooms in particular, can prevent prostate and breast cancer. Fresh mushrooms are capable of arresting the action of 5-alpha-reductase and aromatase, chemicals responsible for growth of cancerous tumors. The drug known as Polysaccharide-K (Kresin), is isolated from Trametes versicolor (Coriolus versicolor), which is used as a leading cancer drug.

4. Anti-aging property

The polysaccharides from mushrooms are potent scavengers of super oxide free radicals. These antioxidants prevent the action of free radicals in the body, consequently reducing the aging process. Ergothioneine is a specific antioxidant found in Flammulina velutipes and Agaricus bisporus which is necessary for healthy eyes, kidney, bone marrow, liver and skin.

5. Regulates digestive system

The fermentable fiber as well as oligosaccharide from mushrooms acts as a prebiotics in intestine and therefore they anchor useful bacteria in the colon. This dietary fibre assists the digestion process and healthy functioning of bowel system.

6. Strengthens immunity

Mushrooms are capable of strengthening the immune system. A diverse collection of polysaccharides (beta-glucans) and minerals, isolated from mushroom is responsible for up-regulating the immune system.

55.        What is spawn?

56.        Name some foods prepared from mushrooms.

57.        Name 2 poisonous mushrooms.

58.        Give the classification of Agaricus bisporus

 

Define mushroom

A mushroom, also called toadstool, is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground on soil or on its food source. The fleshy, edible fruit bodies of numerous macrofungal species are called edible mushrooms.